ANTIOQUIA Y CAUCA  DONDE MÁS VULNERAN  EL EJERCICIO PERIODÍSTICO

Actualidad Política / Judicial

Con motivo del día clásico del y la periodista, este 9 de febrero, la Federación Colombiana de Periodistas (FECOLPER) presenta el “Informe anual sobre afectaciones a la libertad de prensa en Colombia” correspondiente al año 2015”

Para la construcción del informe, la FECOLPER formula la pregunta: ¿La firma de los acuerdos de paz entre el gobierno y las FARC garantizará la existencia de un escenario propicio para un ejercicio libre de la actividad periodística?

Ver Link http://issuu.com/fecolper/docs/informe__fecolper_2015

Lo que reflejan las cifras es que más allá de las afectaciones a los y las periodistas ocurridas con ocasión del conflicto armado interno, en la actualidad existen, predominan y se consolidan otras formas de violencia contra quienes ejercen la actividad periodística detrás de las cuales se encuentran en su mayoría funcionarios públicos (incluidos los integrantes de la Fuerza Pública), desconocidos y particulares, que constituyen los presuntos agresores contra la libertad de prensa, en el 76% del total de casos documentados en 2015.

Los sumatoria de casos donde la presunta responsabilidad de las afectaciones proviene de Funcionario/Servidor Público y Fuerza Pública es de 51 casos, lo que posicionaría al Estado como el segundo principal agresor de la libertad de prensa, después de los particulares. Esta situación además de ser lamentable, es de extrema gravedad, teniendo en cuenta que el Estado es el primer responsable de garantizar las condiciones para el ejercicio de la libertad de expresión y de prensa en el país.

En 2015 la FECOLPER documentó 179 agresiones contra periodistas en Colombia con un total de 222 víctimas. Con respecto al 2014, se presentaron 33 agresiones más, es decir se registró un aumento del 23%. Las amenazas fueron el hecho más común con 68 casos, seguido de la obstrucción al ejercicio periodístico con 39 reportes. Las agresiones físicas ocupan en tercer lugar con un total de 24 hechos.  Y de manera significativa la estigmatización y campaña de desprestigio a periodistas en 15 diferentes casos.

En 2015 los homicidios a periodistas aumentaron, al cierre del año un total 3 periodistas habían sido asesinados por motivos que estarían relacionados con el ejercicio de su labor: Luis Peralta Cuellar (Caquetá) Édgar Quintero (Valle) y Flor Alba Núñez (Huila). En el mismo periodo, la FECOLPER documentó un caso de exilio de un periodista del sur del país, después de recibir amenazas contra su vida, al parecer relacionadas con investigaciones y denuncias realizadas en torno a la política local a través del medio de comunicación en el que trabajaba.

Adicionalmente, en el informe se precisa que en el 77% de las violaciones, las víctimas corresponden a periodistas (171), seguidos de trabajadores de los medios con un 11% (26); y las afectaciones a la infraestructura de los medios de comunicación se registraron en 5,9% con (13) hechos.

Además, se establece que el 71% de estas afectaciones fueron contra (156) hombres, mientras que un 17% se dirigieron a mujeres (38). Respecto al 2014, las vulneraciones a mujeres periodistas aumentaron en 9 casos.

Con relación al lugar de ocurrencia de las afectaciones, la mayor concentración de hechos se sigue registrando en Bogotá D.C. (23 casos), pero es preciso resaltar que en la ciudad se registra una disminución de las agresiones del 34% en comparación con los hechos registrados en 2014 (35 casos).

Se presenta sin embargo un fenómeno de desconcentración geográfica de las afectaciones contra periodistas, que se evidencia en su aumento generalizado en otras regiones del país. Así, Bogotá es seguida en número de hechos por los departamentos de Antioquia y Valle del Cauca (cada uno con registro de 13 casos), Huila (12 casos), Cesar (11 casos) y Tolima (11 casos), que cierra los primeros seis lugares.

Por su parte, en departamentos como Cauca (9 casos), La Guajira (8 casos), Santander (8 casos), Nariño (7 casos), Boyacá (6 casos) y Guaviare (6 casos), aumentaron significativamente el número de afectaciones en comparación con el 2014.

El informe también señala que del total de afectaciones, el (77%) se realiza contra periodistas y/o medios de carácter privado, el (4%) contra periodistas y/o medios públicos y alrededor del (10%) contra periodistas y/o medios de carácter comunitario (3,6%) y alternativo (5,9%).

Respecto a los presuntos responsables de las vulneraciones a los periodistas, llama la atención de manera especial que la primera posición sea ocupada por particulares (29%), seguido de autores desconocidos (22%), miembros de la Fuerza Pública -que son en su mayoría integrantes de la Policía Nacional- (12%), funcionarios/servidores públicos (11 casos) y en quinta posición se ubican las BACRIM o paramilitares (3%).

En lo corrido del 2016, la FECOLPER ha documentado 15 violaciones a la libertad de Prensa, (47%) corresponde a amenazas y (33%) a obstrucciones al trabajo periodístico. La Federación Colombiana de Periodistas, recuerda que la impunidad frente a los casos propicia la repetición sistemática de este tipo de violaciones, dejando a los y las periodistas en una situación de indefensión y vulnerabilidad absoluta, tal como lo señala en el cierre de su informe anual, en el apartado de conclusiones y recomendaciones.

William Wilches  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4h-xTkdLyk&feature=youtu.be

Natalia Jiménez  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RM7bmkUIJkU&feature=youtu.be

Hastag para redes sociales  #InformeFecolper2015  #DíadelPeriodista

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